The History of California Essay

The History of California Essay Free Online Research Papers The History of California Essay The Native American population in California flourished in the years leading up to the Spanish and Mexican periods in California. Hunting, fishing, and fertile land were very abundant and the Native population was growing steadily; however the European colonization upon Native Americans during the Spanish and Mexican periods forever changed the lives and cultures of the Native Americans. The Native American populations were ravaged by displacement, disease, warfare, and the European’s attempt to dissolve all aspects of Native American life. As the Native Americans encountered the European explorers and mission Padres the first effects of colonization began to corrode the Native American life. The impact of the European colonization is evident in the drastic decline in the Native American population in California during the Mission period. It has been estimated that there were about 310,000 Native Americans that inhabited California during the beginning of the Mission period, however the missions created a high death rate and low birth rate, due to several devastating factors that were introduced to the Native population with the building of the missions. Native Americans died daily of disease, infection, and starvation. By then end of the Mission period there were only 150,000 Native Americans estimated to be still living in California. The Native American’s society was impacted dramatically by this loss of nearly half of the Native American population in California. Such a dramatic loss in a societies population can disrupt their ability to rebuild their population, which creates difficultly in passing on their culture to future generations. Without a strong population to protect their culture, European colonization was hard to resist and the Native American society did not have the population to successfully resist the European colonization. The Native American culture was not encouraged by the Europeans, who forced the Native American’s to convert to Christianity and leave their Native beliefs and culture behind, making it very hard for the Native American’s to preserve their own beliefs and culture. The massive decline in the Native American population has been explained by some authors that have written about the California Missions and the Native Americans, each with very different view. Sherburne F. Cook, who expressed his belief that the Native Americans were primitive persons that were â€Å"stupid and ignorant,† explained that it was the Native Americans stupidity and ignorance forced the â€Å"authority at the top [to] exercise force, moral or physical, to obtain essential effort on the part of the mass.† Any group that is conquered is not going to adapt successfully to a foreign way of life, especially when it is forced upon them. Cook’s ideas on the Native American’s illuminates the Europeans feelings towards the Native Americans of California and why the Europeans felt that it was necessary to convert the Native Americans. The Native Americans could have never imagined the changes that lied ahead with the arrival of their white neighbors. The Native Americans were made to work for the missions that were created to convert the Native Americans in to God-fearing Christians and to labor the mission fields. While in the missions, the Native Americans were persuaded by hard labor, beatings, starvation, and the stripping of their culture to convert to Christianity and to abandon their former religious beliefs. The Native Americans religious beliefs had deep roots in the land that they lived on. There were spirits for the land, and food that they used. The Native Americans found it very hard to watch the land that was important to them for food, shelter, and religious matters, taken away. In the missions the Native Americans were no longer allowed to hunt and gather their food like they did prior to the arrival of the Europeans. Some Native Americans would try to escape from the missions to hunt deer and other game to feed their starving families that resided in the missions. However, most escapees were caught and then whipped for their disobedience. The missionaries whipped the Native Americans, according to Francis Guest, because â€Å"whipping played a significant role in Spanish culture in the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries.† Guest suggests that the missionaries were welcoming the Native Americans into their culture and trying to make them part of the Spanish culture. The missionaries would apply the same discipline to themselves. In the end one can say that the whipping was just, but only when looking at the mission period from the viewpoint of the Spanish. Examining the mission period in today’s modern society, people would find the beating of the Native Americans by the mission Padres as unjust and even bizarre. People might see the Padres whipping as extreme and brutal today, since this is not normal behavior in modern society. The Native American’s had the highest respect for the land that they lived on and from. Native American’s were very good at using every part of an animal that they killed during a hunt. When the Europeans came to California with their firearms in search of wealth, the new foreign settlers began to destroy the Native American way of life that depended on the untouched wild land that they lived on. The settlers would not use the entire animal. Animals would be found with only their skins taken, leaving the meat of the animal to rot. The Native American’s soon found that the animals that they regularly hunted were being driven away by the new settlers. The Native Americans did not corral or fence any game that they hunted. When European settlers arrived they put up fences to claim their portion of land. The fences became an issue with the native animals that would get stuck in the fences or were displaced due to the fences. The Native Americans resorted to hunting a ny animals that they found. The Native American’s â€Å"fittingly saw cows and horses grazing upon their lands as legitimate quarry for their subsistence.† This would later create more hostility between the Native Americans and the new settlers. After the Mission period the Native Americans were drawn to the rancheros that the Californios ran. The Californio society meant the transfer of economic resources from the missions to the Californios and then to the mostly white settlers. Life on the ranchero was not as harsh as mission life, however they were still laborers. Douglas Monroy explained that, â€Å"life on the ranchos did not require the discipline characteristic of the missions; labor on the ranchos was hard, but not consistently demanding, and no one worked very diligently anyway. For their labors they received food, clothing, or perhaps a few hides, which they so often traded for drink.† The Californios’ rancheros took over more of the Native American land and drove more of the wild game away. It was not only the Californios rancheros that were threatening their land, it was the settlers that began to squat on the open land. These new settlers that came from the Eastern states and foreign lands would shoot any animal that was not theirs on their property, including any man, woman, or child they saw as trespassers. The new settlers that were moving in to California from the east came to California in search of a fresh start and wealth. These city settlers did not look upon the Native American nicely. The settlers believed that they were better people than the Native Americans, more civilized. With the increased foreign population in California the Native American’s found themselves at the bottom of the social ladder with a population that was rapidly declining and struggling to keep their true culture alive. Bibliography Cook, Sherburne F., The Conflict Between the California Indians and the White Civilization. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1943. Guest 0. F. M., Francis F. â€Å"Cultural Perspectives on California Mission Life,† Southern California Quarterly. 65, Spring 1983. Monroy, Douglas. The Creation and Re-creation of Californio Society. In Contested Eden: California Before the Gold Rush, edited by Ramà ³n A. Gutià ©rrez and Richard J. Orsi. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1998. Research Papers on The History of California Essay19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraThe Effects of Illegal ImmigrationWhere Wild and West MeetResearch Process Part OneAssess the importance of Nationalism 1815-1850 EuropePETSTEL analysis of IndiaHip-Hop is ArtEffects of Television Violence on ChildrenQuebec and CanadaThe Relationship Between Delinquency and Drug Use

South Park and Libertarian Philosophy , Critical Analysis for a Final Essay

South Park and Libertarian Philosophy , Critical Analysis for a Final Exam - Essay Example He believes that comedy shows are believed to be hateful and offensive but rather these comedy shows are working in a way through which almost all messages can be delivered to the audience. Here he is basically trying to emphasize on the messages which cannot be otherwise given to the audience. Paul provides an overview of the libertarian philosophy with the help of the evaluation of the series SouthPark. In my view he is successful in providing the benefits of the free market economy through analysis of SouthPark which is further proved in this essay. The potentials of free market economy can easily be recognized by reading this article by Paul Cantor. This essay would further elaborate the messages provided by these comedy shows and would provide the points given forward by Paul Cantor. Media is influencing the mindsets of individuals regarding different entities of the world. One such entity is the business enterprises which try to enter the free market economy through intense competition. These corporations are known to be the most hated entities in the private sector by different Hollywood ventures. The corporations in the world are multinationals who have established themselves to take over their counterparts. Free economies exist all over the world in different countries but it is seen that the potential benefits of these free economies is not yet realized. The general view about free economies is that only the multinationals can dominate the market as the small businesses would not even have the chance to make it up to the money invested by these multinationals. However this view is considered to be wrong by many as free economies involve no intervention by the government and every business in this world has a right to strive towards success. The necessary re sources which a business should possess to reach the top are innovation and right

Needs to be changed Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Needs to be changed - Essay Example I usually have to hear car horns and even during night time. This has put me and my family in a fix as to what we ought to do in order to have some peace within our lives. In fact, I can go to great heights to make sure that this passageway does not pose as a problem. To understand how this problem can be solved, perhaps there could be signs put up on the passageway because the people must be told to wait for their turn to pass their vehicles without honking too much. They need to be told that people live here in the vicinity and it is their right to breathe easily. Too much honking of car horns and onlookers having a say within the lives of the residents is something that raises quite a few eyebrows. There is a dire need to understand that privacy remains supreme more than anything else, and this is the responsibility of the authorities who have taken charge of the entire area. The passageway is therefore one bone of contention as far as understanding the nuances of the area are concerned. The neighbors also echo the same sentiments because they believe that their privacy is being compromised upon and they can do anything to make sure this does not happen. Once I spoke to an elderly resident who seconded my feelings. He was of the view that the passageway should be turned into a no thoroughfare but then again this did not seem like a possibility. Erecting barriers at the end of the passageway would work too but the authorities would not agree to this as they are of the view that the street is a wide one and commuting along such a street is indeed an easy way out for the vehicles and pedestrians to reach the main highway. However, much thinking needs to be done on the part of the people involved because it will ensure where shortcomings lie and how people need to enact measures to make amends. This will bring a great deal of sanity within the related ranks and allow the residents to live easily without any fear or trouble. In

Turn On the People in Any Organization Essay Example for Free

Turn On the People in Any Organization Essay The pages of human history daubed in bloodshed on account t of World Wars I and II, war unleashed by Japan at Nanking, the Civil War of USA and many other small and big violent incidents ask the crying question. How to make this Planet Earth heaven-like? The answer is simple and direct. Eyes full of understanding, heart full of love and the life that refuses conflicts- these alone are enough! Most of the violence is for monetary gains, acquisition of territory, and to feed vanity. The materialistic civilization, the industrial and internet revolutions, have unleashed a new war, without actually declaring it. This relentless war is fought on day to day basis in the stock exchanges. Each Nation wants to become economically powerful and prevent others from becoming powerful! â€Å"Today, man is being destroyed by the inner conviction of uselessness and no amount of economic growth can compensate for this loss. † How long can we confront Nature to achieve better standards of living and better standards of life? Reconciliation with the eternal principles of Nature is the need of the hour to achieve genuine peace and prosperity and we need to learn a lot from the Plant and Animal Kingdom. If they can live in accordance with their own Nature in a peaceful manner, why can’t the human beings? Gung-ho is the Chinese language phrase. It is derived from gongye hezuoshe, which means industrial worker’s co-operative. Karl Marx must be shifting in his grave with the mention of this word. Such co-operatives were established for the benefit of workers by Rewi Alley and his team. State who the animal characters of the book are, and why they are important: The three animal characters mentioned refer to three Native American lessons. Champions of commerce and industrial magnates have accepted the supremacy of computer applications, and perhaps have come to the conclusion that this is the only path for economic ascendancy. For such individuals this book has something special and novel. The lessons for organizational turnaround are: The Spirit of the Squirrel, the lesson is one of the powers of worthwhile work. The Way of the Beaver, the lesson is accomplished through empowerment. The Gift of the Goose, the lesson is the exponential factor of motivation. Continuous application, relentless efforts is the key to success. They say, ‘have a will to grow and grow you will! ’ Apply each creature to a management situation; Any management situation, there is one permanent, irrevocable relationship. It is between one human being to another human being. Give respect and take respect—very simple! When you use the best adjectives you can form a wonderful sentence. Similarly, happy, motivated, empowered and encouraged members, who work with the sense of responsibility, can bring nothing but cheer to the financial results of a company. Leadership should score over management; the end-results will be precedent-shattering. â€Å"The Gift of the Goose† is the factor in motivation for an employee who finds himself in a discouraging situation and feels trapped. I know an instance of a bank accountant sending the recovery notice to a dairy unit owner who had lost his two cows that died under mysterious circumstances and he was unable to pay the loan installments. Selling milk of the cows was his only source income. From where would the poor man repay the loan? When this incident came to the notice of the Senior Manager of the Bank, he advised the accountant to give him further loan for buying four cows. He would maintain himself with the profit from the milk from two cows and with the other portion of the profit he would repay the loan amount of the bank! The right decision at the right time, saved the borrower from ruin, and the Banks loan was also repaid fully. Explain what you have learned from each character: Work is worship is not mere the spiritual quote; its practical utility is great. The beauty of the work done with sincerity and dedication is something special. For the best output, basic conditions need to be created for the employees to become basically sound and industrious. When there is a free working environment, when restrictions are less, and one has freedom to take decisions, the results would be encouraging. Those who work only commit mistakes. One who walks will at times stumble. Positive attitude and right frame of mind are the fundamentals to get the results. This is the sum and substance of the messages of the Squirrel, the Beaver and the Goose. Specifically, the principle involved in the example of Squirrel, is that even the small and insignificant looking beings make the difference in the world by their active presence. One needs to cultivate the habit of making the world a better place. We need to have common goals and shared ideals. The Beaver principle is, give the workers the long rope, within the well-defined boundaries. Let them work in a free atmosphere; let them not feel suffocated under the pressure of repeated orders, modifications and revised orders. Teach them to control themselves. The Goose principle, is let good work be appreciated, even the mild rebuke needs to be on an encouraging note. Trust them, and they will give better results. Console them, instead of questioning them. Congratulate them at the earliest opportunity. Choose one or more traits that you would like to emulate, and explain why you feel that way; The Spirit of the Squirrel, the lesson is one of the powers of worthwhile work. The three core ideas of Gung Ho are simple yet profound! : Worthwhile work guided by goals and values; putting workers in control of their production; and cheering one another on. What you do is no doubt important; but how you do, what you do is more important. I like this trait immensely, as it the only way to carry out duties and responsibilities in a peaceful manner. They say, â€Å"It is better to deserve without receiving, than to receive without deserving. † Participation in action is always better than renunciation of action. The modern combustible younger generation wishes to have proof for everything and will not accept anything, unless convinced about it scientifically. Well, here is the proof for the assured reward for productivity. –every action, has the reaction and the intensity of reaction is in proportion to the intensity of the action. Over which there is no dispute between the scientists and the spiritualists. One of the rare agreements between the two contending forces; the two opposing forces; the forces that do not see eye to eye with other! This is the solid foundation on which one needs to base one’s understanding, as one is bound to get rewards for one’s loyalty and hard work. Its timing is not the domain of the human being. Right things will happen at the right time and this need not be doubted at all. Gung-Ho approach solidifies such a belief. What changes would you like to see in your own life after reading this book? One of the important guidelines that I got from this book is about interaction with the people; how important it is in day to day disposition in life. Doing appropriate things at the appropriate time, gives positive results. How disciplined and regular are the animals in doing their duty ordained to them by Nature. They never falter. They never disobey the rules. Their food habit is disciplined. They won’t harm anyone without reason. Their traits are decided and certain. I need to learn much by observing the nature of the animals. I need to perform my duty to the best of my ability and judgment, not because someone is telling me, not because my boss is ordering, but because, but only because, to live by hard work is the correct way of life. Another important change in my life is that I begin to love animals and birds, take interest to study their nature, read books on them, and wonder what an important role Nature has provided for them in the beautification and maintenance of flora and fauna around us. Talk about what you liked or did not like about the book. The book is very helpful in creating a work and management culture of excellence. It provides elucidation of notable points to the leaders to increase their knowledge, skills and motivation. It tells that sharing of information is the road to prosperity. It assists in front-line decision making. Productivity is the top concern in any commercial or industrial establishment. And you have to create conditions for its willing acceptance of that expected productivity in the workplace. The employees can build an organization; just as sometimes it is claimed that the employees can break it. Every employer wishes to have the builder. An inspired employee is an asset to any organization in the ultra-competitive business world of the modern day. The traditional concept that the customer is king is assuming new dimensions. How to secure unflinching loyalty for products and how to retain the employees in top gear, as for productivity and the latent creative joy! Gung Ho has solid answers for such situations. This not the book to read and keep aside! It is the reference book, and as one faces different situations in life, the practical examples given will be beneficial to find an appropriate solution. The authors have developed a pleasant way of telling about the leadership qualities and management principles through the example of animals and birds. The principles elucidated in this book can be applied for small as well as big businesses. The book concretely tells how a business establishment on the verge of failure was converted into a success empire. References: Blanchard, Ken: Book: Gung Ho! Turn On the People in Any Organization. Hardcover: 256 pages Publisher: William Morrow; 1 edition (October 8, 1997) Language: English ISBN-10: 068815428X ISBN-13: 978-0688154288

A Critical Analysis Of William :: essays research papers

In order for a poem to be classified as a sonnet, it must meet certain structural requirements, and Sonnet 138, “When my love swears that she is made of truth,'; is a perfect example. Shakespeare employs the traditional rhyme scheme of the English sonnet, the poem is made up of three quatrains and a rhyming couplet, and iambic pentameter is the predominant meter. However, it would be an error to approach this poem as a traditional Shakespearean love sonnet. It is a ‘love’ poem in the sense that a relationship between two lovers is the central theme, but the reader is offered a somewhat unexpected viewpoint. The stylistic constraints of the sonnet form are extremely advantageous here, for they serve as a backdrop against which the poem’s content can be dramatically highlighted, as well as reinforcing the eventual impression that the poem describes an emotionally constraining relationship. In this essay I will investigate the tools with which Shakespeare constru cts this unconventional love poem. The sonnet has a definite sense of strophic development, and the frequent ‘twists’ in the narration necessitate a close examination of this. The sonnet begins with a “When'; clause, launching the reader on a sentence of indeterminate length and subsequently leaving us with expectation, in suspense, at the end of the line. The woman is emphatic: she does not merely tell the truth, she is made of truth. Both the nature of this truth, and the reason for her swearing it, are unknown to the reader. The immediate thought is that the speaker has challenged her in some way, and whether or not this is correct, it is certainly an unconventional way to begin a love poem. The second line, “I do believe her, though I know she lies,'; introduces the reader to the wry humour that is an important feature of this sonnet. The humour is produced by the comic contradiction between outward behaviour (since the speaker’s belief in her words is a reaction to her speech and thus a social act) and inward: his knowledge that she is lying. The narrator’s calm tone evokes confusion: he is not angry with the woman, nor does he seem at all embarrassed to make such an illogical statement. The fact that he states “I do believe her,'; rather than simply “I believe her,'; combined with the caesura that follows this statement, serves to reinforce his belief in the eyes of the reader, though his reasons for this are as yet unclear.

Proposal †Story of an Hour Essay

Topic: The hidden feminism in â€Å"Story of an Hour†. My objective is to reveal author Kate Chopin’s feminist message in â€Å"Story of an Hour†, by identifying key elements of the short story. The main elements I want to focus on is Mrs. Mallard’s attitude toward the conflict in the story, I think that showed a feminist attitude. Mrs. Mallard’s every action and words exerted feminism, how she truly felt about her marriage was finally exposed. I would like to also pinpoint the acts of feminism during the time that this story was written that could possibly relate to each other. Thesis: Mrs. Mallard’s reaction of excitement to her husbands death revealed a feminist view of how most women truly felt and thought about their husbands back then. Questions to address: If this was Chopins way of expressing feminism, why would she do it in a form of ironic writing? Since â€Å"The Story of an Hour† was written a little over 10 years after the time the death of Chopin’s first husband’s death similar to Mrs. Mallards? Did majority of women, back in those days, feel oppressed about their marriage like Mrs. Mallards did? In the story, Mrs. Mallard is diagnosed with heart disease, was this her true cause of death or was it â€Å"the joy that killed†? Did Chopin use Mrs. Mallard’s death as a form of guilt for being excited for her husband’s supposed death? Methodology: The sources that I intend on using for this assignment are reader’s journals from Galileo and other similar sites, that are written on â€Å"Story of an Hour†, and also secondary source books from my school library. The articles that I plan to utilize are the ones that have feminist references to â€Å"Story of an Hour†. I will those references in particular to support my argument. In addition I intend on using is a former reader response I have written on the character of Mrs. Mallard. By using this reader response as another secondary source, I am going to relate a few references to my argument and support that as well.

Great Gatsby Wt2 Essay example - 838 Words

Writing Task 2 on Great Gatsby Question: How and why is a social group represented in a particular way? The Great Gatsby presents different social groups to embody and transmit the idea that each class has it’s own problems to prevail over and unhappiness transcends over all the social classes. The problems in each group, despite the social stratification, reveal the instability of the world they live in. The three classes are old money, new money, and no money in which all three believe their own rules of survival in society and enforce boundaries between social classes. Fitzgerald uses the similarities between the poor and the rich to reinforce his opinion and his characterization of the upper class. The new rich represented by†¦show more content†¦Since they were born into money they do not work and rarely do they ever speak about business instead they entertain themselves with whatever pleases them. The old rich lack the ability to see the essence of others and themselves due to their superficiality and judgmental attitudes. They scorn the new rich because they do n ot have the elegance and subtlety that the old rich possesses. However what the old rich lack is heart. They are inconsiderate people who use their money to replace emotions and avoid the guilt of hurting other people. The Buchanan’s show this when they buy a bigger house far away and purposely miss Gatsby’s funeral. Their money allows them to remove themselves physically and emotionally from the tragedy they just witnessed. Fitzgerald uses the no money class to make a strong statement as well. Nick although he doesn’t have money proves himself to be an honorable man. Almost immediately social discomfort is characterized by the Buchanan marriage however the affairs and actions of the old rich eventually lead to similarities between the wealthy and the poor. George and Myrtle’s interaction with the wealthy serve as a reinforcement for Fitzgerald’s social commentary on the rich. Myrtle is like Tom and she displays the same qualities that he does. She tries to exert a sort of superiority with her husband just as Tom does with people who he considers inferior to him. Myrtle’s actions cause the rich’s behavior to be seen as absurd and ridiculous by the